Process and device for the development, fixing, washing, etc. of photographic or cinematographic films or the like



March l5, 1927.

1,621,291 w N. A. UNGER A PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT, FIXING, WASHING, ETC.,.OF

PHOTOGRAPHIC OR CINEMATOGRAPHI C FILMS OR THE LIKE Filed March 6. 1926 Patented Mar. 15, 1927'.

UNITED STATES NILS ALFRED UNGER, OF VIN'IERVIKEN, ASPUDDEN, SVJEDEN.

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE DEVELOFMENT, FXING, TASHING, ETC., OF PHOTOGRAPI-IIC OR (.,NEMATOGRAPHIC FILMS OR THE LIKE.

Application filed March 6, 1926, 'ferial No.

This invention relates to a process and devices for the treatment of films, especially sensitive exposed films, which are to be de veloped, fixed, washed, or subjected to similar treatment with fluids.

The invention can be applied both to ordinary camera films (including roll films and cut films) and to cinematographic films.

A previously known device for the development etc. of films is the use of special ribbons with the aid of which the film is wound up on a roller so as not to be exposed to light, the film being kept in position by its own tension without any attachment. to the ribbon.

ln accordance with the present invention the film is removably fastened to a protective ribbonor strip serving as a support for it, which strip may consist, for example, of Celluloid, paper, metal etc., whereupon the ribbon together with the film is rolled up in such a` way as to leave a space between the different layers or windings of the roll, and is subjected to the action of the fiuid, for example a developing, fixing, or washing solution, with which the film is to be treated.

In order to make plain the invention, some examples of a device, suitable for the purpose, are shown in the appended drawing.

Figure 1 shows the ribbon intended as a support with the film removably fastenetr to it, in perspective, partly rolled up.

Figure .2 shows the same device seen from above.

Figure 3 shows in plane and Figures 3 in cross section another arrangement of the ribbon or strip serving as a support or holder.

Figures l and L1 show in a similar manner still another form of the arrangement.

In the different figures the corresponding parts are designated with the same ciphers. The invention will first be described with reference to Figures'l and 2.

1 designates a thin ribbon or belt, serving as a support or holder, which may be made of Celluloid, paper, metal, or other material suitable for the purpose. 2 designates the photographic film. 3 designates fastening devices arranged in the support for detachably fastening the film 2 to the support 1. According to the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fastening devices are formed by the punching of tongues out of the support 1, which tongues are bent outwards in 92,811, and in Sweden November 13, 1925.

the manner indicated in Figure 1, so as to form a series of elastice hooks on either edge of the support. Between these hooks or fastening devices the film 2 is removably pressed in. This may be effected most suitably in the following manor: The support 1, which should preferably have been wound up into a roll, is unwound, and at the same time the photographic film Q-while it is being unwound from the roller on which it is coiled, if it is a roll film-is pressed in between the fastening devices 3. Concurrently with or after the fastening of the film 2 in place on the supporting` strip 1,

the support 1 with the film 2 fastened to 7 it is wound up into a roll in the manner shown in Figure 1, so that the fastening devices 3 at the same time serve, so to speak, as spacing devices, whereby the different coils of the roll are kept at a. certain distance from one another, so that between these coils spaces 14 are formed, thereby facilitating the free access of the fiuid to the film 2, the sensitive side (image surface) of which faces away from the support 1. lf, as above indicated, the support 1 has been coiled into a roll from the outset, it has, owing to its inherent tension, a tendency to coil up again according as it is unwound for the fastening of the film 2 onto it. lt should be obvious from the above that the rear side of the support 1 will not come into contact with the sensitive surface of the film 2, but will be kept at a suitable distance from it. The film, arranged in this manner.y can be subjected to treatment with the fluids in question without requiring the use of cumbrous vessels and without tiresome manipulations.

The invention is particularly well adapted for so-called time development, but it should be obvious that the roll formed by the support and the film attached to it may also be arranged in a different position. The roll may, of course, be transferred from one bath to another as desired.

On the termination of the treatment, the film 2 can easily be detached from the support by gently pulling the film off it, when the elastic hook formed tongues 3 yield, so that the film is detached from the support without any risk of its being spoilt. The support 1 may thereupon be rolled up and preserved for further use. In the case of cutfilms, one film after the other is fastened c tongues o in th'egmaiiiiei above indicated toth'e sup port. VJ ith a'vievvto facilitatingv the more effective action of the fluid on both sides of the film, the support l may'befprovided with perforations 4: of a form suitable for the purpose (seevFigur'e'l), or, if desired, i`i""'y be provided with eoirug'ations y5, 'as is indi# cated in Figures Sand 3, or with both n In the example described'above, tliiefastening devices have been shown to consist of punched out of the support, but they may be formedin'aiither Way, "for exaiiipie of the material itselfjof the support, or eiselrv suitable devices fitted'to it. v"In Figure 5 antlL 8, for example, the fastei'iing devices are sho'iijn'to consist'of faiige-liite 'rinis 'or collarsG arranged at the edges of the'film. In order toffacilit-ate thewinding up of the support, the `edgfesin this case should be provided Witli'tiaiisverse lcuttings ",Ihe 'said collars or lianges Sform'yiel'dingl fastening devices, between `Which the r.filiii 2 can be detachably fastened by gentlyprssing on it. Figures 4 and 4@ show an example oflfastening devices 'which are 'not made in one piece'or integral "With"tliesupport lfbiitI consist, xfor example, of cylindrical beads or similar bodies 8, which by threads 9 or other suitable means areifaste'neid tothe support, so as toform'a' row ruiming' lengthwisealong either edge o'f the support. VVIt should .b'e obvious that 'fastening fdevices 'may be 'formed in many other Ways.

Having'thus described my' invention I ',de-

'ciare that what I claim' is l. A `device for th'etieati'iient ofsensitiZed film *comprising a ,ieXible ribbon support an'd means disposed along the lateral maini gins thereof adaptedto removably secure a hn to Vsaid support.

2. A device'for the treatment of sensitized film comprising a 'exible ribbon support and means jdisp'osedalong thela'teral margins thereof Vfor removably securi'ngaplm to 'said support, Vsaid means Vprojecting from the surface of Said support.

vliliu' comprising a iiexible film coinprisiirq` )to positio'nth Yfili-ii 'upon'saidbeltfand hold fthe lateral Vedges thereof ineplace.

4t. A device for the treatment of sensitized film con'ipiisingV a fieiiibl'ebelt and frictionally gripping means integral ivith said belt and disposed along the 'lateral ipiiargins thereof for removably securing a iilm to said'liclt, Yntheifebv the film is held against the lateral i'oivsof grippii" "means device for the treat nt of sensitized and means disposed 'along the 1iat'eral mai gins thereof 'for reniovahljY `securingY a 'film to said support, said'iiieans comprising a ,plurality of ieii'ible tonguesA turned up 'from separated port-ions of said margins 6. A `device forthe treat-ment of sensitized a fleirible ribbon support adapted to be rolled up end inearns disposed along the lateral margins tlieredfforreinovabljiy securing ja lilin tonsaidj'support, said means projectin "from the `sui-face of said support 'Xvhereby'the supeiposed llayers of `said support, 'when rolled up,-'iiiay bespae'ed from eachother. p M Y Y l 'Iliefnietliod of treating sensitized film Which comprises removably securing a film to a. fiexibleribbon support by pressing the edges of g the `film between parallel rows olf 'friction'ally gripping tongues disposedalong the'niarginal edge poitionsofjtlie support and .projecting from ,the surfaceNt-liereof, Winding the support tint-io a;rollwwvith the successive turnsspacedj' from each other, and thereafter iinmer'sing Ithe thusnformed cellular rollintothe op'erating'lfluid. *Y VV In witness i'vliere'o'if'iI have Vhereunto set my hand.

mrs smsen intens.

said belt byits 'edgesibeing pressedbetweenV ribbon support. 

